include<bits/stdc++.h>

using namespace std; int main(){

string s;
int ans=0;
getline(cin,s);
s=" "+s;  
for(int i=0;i<s.length()-1;i++){
 if((s[i]<'A'||(s[i]>'Z'&&s[i]<'a')||s[i]>'z')&&((s[i+1]>='a'&&s[i+1]<='z')||(s[i+1]>='A'&&s[i+1]<='Z'))){
    ans++;
    }
}
cout<<ans;

return 0; }